How Electron And Holes Work In Solar Panel

In n type silicon layer electrons are the majority carriers and holes are the minority carriers.

How electron and holes work in solar panel.

All solar panels have positive and negative electric terminals so after the electrons carry the electric current out of the solar panel and into a battery or an inverter a fresh supply of electrons re enter the p type side of the solar panel and the process is allowed to happen again with the help of more sunlight. Simply put a solar panel works by allowing photons or particles of light to knock electrons free from atoms generating a flow of electricity. The solar panel is made up of a collection of solar cells. The electrons freed by the interaction of the sunlight with the semiconductor material creates an electron flow as the free electrons move together around an external circuit.

Solar panels work by letting photons released by the sun knock electrons free from atoms and thus generate a flow of electricity. However the electric field a one way down hill road superimposed across the cell allows the electrons to flow only in one direction. An n type silicon layer and a p type silicon layer. If this happens close enough to the electric field or if free electron and free hole happen to wander into its range of influence the field will send the electron to the n side and the hole to the p side.

Each photon with enough energy will normally free exactly one electron resulting in a free hole as well. Solar panels are composed of many smaller photovoltaic cells linked together. Each photon carrying sufficient amount of energy will usually be able to free just a single electron leading to a free opening as well. If this happens in the electric field the field will move electrons to the n type layer and holes to the p type layer.

When photons hit the solar cell free electrons attempt to unite with holes in the p type layer. When sunlight strikes a solar cell electrons in the silicon are ejected which results in the formation of holes the vacancies left behind by the escaping electrons. This missing electron. When light in proton form hits the solar cell the energy results in dividing the hole electron couples.